The Effect of Neural Tube Defects on Healthcare - 1216 Words

According to the Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica (2014), a neural tube defect is â€Å"any congenital defect of the brain and spinal cord as a result of abnormal development of the neural tube.† This birth defect is â€Å"the most common congenital defect of the central nervous system, affecting the brain and/or spinal cord of 300,000 newborns worldwide each year† (Ricks et al., 2012, p. 391). The exact cause of these central nervous system defects is unknown, but there are many contributing factors that are evidenced to assist in the prevention of such a disorder. I will examine the varying types of neural tube defect, populations in which this defect is most prevalent, possible causes of the defect, and how this defect affects the healthcare system.†¦show more content†¦More severe cases of spina bifida require immediate surgery to ensure the infant’s survival. Encephalocele also pertains to a defect in the cephalic portion of the neural tube. This cond ition â€Å"occurs when a meningeal sac containing brain tissue protrudes from the skull. The outlook for affected individuals depends on the amount of nervous tissue involved† (neural tube defect, 2014). Infants born with a neural tube defect are also examined for hydrocephalus, or â€Å"water on the brain.† Hydrocephalus â€Å"occurs when normal passages for the cerebrospinal fluid that fills the neural tube are partially or completely blocked† by a neural tube defect (neural tube defect, 2014). (Frazier Drzymkowski, 2013; neural tube defect, 2014) â€Å"The prevalence of neural tube defects is higher in Mexican-Americans than other U.S. populations† (Suarez, Felkner, Brender Canfield, 2012, p. 844). This correlates with evidence that these malformations occur more frequently in poor, obese, or undernourished populations. These groups do not have access to, or do not consume, the necessary nutrients vital to proper neural tube formation. These vital nutrients, as well as some harmful exposures, will be examined more fully in the coming paragraph. (Suarez et al., 2012) Neural tube defects develop during the first month of pregnancy; because of this women who are capable of becoming pregnant should monitorShow MoreRelatedEssay about Folic Acid Supplementation and Pregnancy2583 Words   |  11 Pagespreventative effects of folic acid supplementation during preconception and pregnancy in women. Folic acid supplementation is a standard recommendation among a variety of vitamins and minerals during preconception and is said to prevent congenital defects, primarily neural tube defects in children. However, various studies suggest that folic acid supplementation is not directly correlated with the prevention of neural tube defects, but other factors such as socioeconomic status, healthcare, and educationRead MoreAnalysis of Surge in Narcotic Prescriptions for Pregnant Women1100 Words   |  5 Pagesdrug. Healthcare providers an d individual researching the use of opioids have shown greater concerns for the use of opioid prescription during first trimester and the role it may play in neural tube defects. Research shows that mothers with children with neural tube defects were on opioids in early pregnancy than mothers of children without congenital defects. Researchers found that opioid use by pregnant woman during her early trimester doubled the risk of neural tube defects. Some effects may notRead MoreEssay On Folic Acid In New Zealand1558 Words   |  7 Pageswelfare system cares for people without bankrupting them and we have a range of guidelines to ensure that our food and resources are safe. However, it may be that we are failing in key areas of our health system, particularly in the prevention of neural tube defects such as spina bifida. This failure may be resulting in widespread and unnecessary suffering for the hundreds of New Zealanders that have been inflicted with this needless and debilitati ng illness. Our governments inability to legislate theRead MoreBirth Defects and the Millennum Development Goals Essay2175 Words   |  9 PagesBirth defects is a critical issue and this is reflected through the intersectionality of birth defects and several of the Millennium Development goals. Birth defects is related to goals 4,5 and 6 which are infant mortality, improving maternal health and environmental health. All of these goals are interrelated of preventing and improving birth outcomes. The web of connections birth defects has with the millennium development emphasize the importance of handling this issue. Birth defects affectsRead MoreCore Functions Of Public Health993 Words   |  4 Pagesand that they’re not obligated to the common good. Benefits can be reaped only based on an individual’s ability to afford healthcare. It believes that access to medical-care is an outcome of market-based demand i.e. it acts as an economic reward for individuals who can afford it. Social Justice emphasizes that everyone is entitled to minimal level of income, housing and healthcare. It sees community well-being more important than an individual. There is a strong drive towards a community responsibilityRead MoreMalignant Hyperthermia1247 Words   |  5 Pagesa hypermetabolic state after administration of volatile anesthetics. When a patient is under anesthesia, the muscles are usually relaxed, but when a patient is experiencing Malignant Hyperthermia crisis, certain IV anesthesia causes the opposite effect. Most inhaled anesthetics other than nitrous oxide, cause or trigger Malignant Hyperthermia. More specifically, the anesthetic agents: Halothane, Chloroform, and Succinylcholine. The genic condition of Malignant Hyperthermia only becomes apparentRead MoreImpact of Canadian Medicine in Canada1069 Words   |  4 Pagesthe healthcare system and people who have diabetes. There are many conditions that result from diabetes such as heart disease, stroke, redu ced blood flow, blindness and even mental illness. Collectively, they have cost hospitals excessive amounts of money over the years. In fact, it has cost the Canadian healthcare system approximately 15.6 billion dollars to treat diabetes and this number has decreased over the years (Public Health Agency of Canada). It has also cost the American healthcare systemRead MoreEssay on Pre and Postnatal Care for the Amish950 Words   |  4 Pageschance of the baby having a neural tube defect. The Amish have a high incidence of genetic anomalies, due to their small regional populations. Unfortunately, the Amish usually do not believe in prenatal testing, however; it would be a great tool in determining any genetic anomalies that may be easily detected prior to birth. Lastly, the Amish include many herbs in their diet during their pregnancy to treat all types of ailments. It is important to rule out any side effects, drug interactions or harmRead MoreTeen Pregnancy Essay1660 Words   |   7 Pagespregnancy. Although there has been a decline in the number of pregnancies among adolescents, teen pregnancy is still a serious health concern that needs continued intervention. It is widely agreed upon that becoming pregnant at a young age has negative effects on both mother and baby in many different aspects. What are the reasons for the increased rate of teen pregnancies in the United States despite the health risks, and how can we lower it? There is no doubt that becoming pregnant at a younger ageRead MoreLife And Death For A Fetus2039 Words   |  9 Pagesthe most complex body systems so when life is created we have many stages to go through before we enter this world. It all starts during the stage of conception. This is when the egg becomes fertilized by the sperm and it travels down the fallopian tubes and implants in the uterus. During this time the fertile egg is called a zygote. The first weeks of fetal development is one of the most important times for the baby. During the first week the embryo is getting all of its major organs developing these

American Politics A Growing Problem For The Political...

Davis, Frost, and Cohen expand on a growing problem in American politics: gridlock. Increasingly over the last fifteen years or so, Washington has seen what the book calls a â€Å"partisan divide†. This means that politics have become so polarized on each side of the aisle, that it has caused a divide on how the country should be ran. The authors have worked extensively inside Washington over the last three decades, making this book high accurate on the events that have spiraled and created the lack of cooperation. They constitute this lack of cooperation on many different issues; including gerrymandering, money in politics, and the media. I will focus on those four developments as to what has caused this divide the most. Gerrymandering has been a controversial issue since its implementation, but the last sixty years has seen the problem because more dangerous for the political process. What gerrymandering entails is the redrawing of voting districts by state legislators. It w as created to make equal voting numbers in each district, but it has become highly political over the years. Frost mentions that in 2003 and 2011, Texas legislators used gerrymandering to pick up two seats in the house. They did this by redistricting Texas so that minorities had less of an impact in the election, making the state even more ‘red’ than before. The reason why this has caused a divide in our government is because it makes some states completely ‘red’ and others completely ‘blue’, even thoughShow MoreRelatedThe Policy Process1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe Policy Process HCS/455 05/28/13 Jay Littleton The Policy Process In today’s health care system it is constantly improving and changing, due to the demands of the health care system. For this to happen new policies must be created or even improving old policies. Congress is involved in the process of policy making; including three stages such as foundation stage, legislative stage, and implementation stage. 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Today, in an effort to appeal to more voters, the Democratic and Republican party platforms have become more vague and moderate. As a result more and more Americans see the two parties as less important and nearly one-third of Americans consider themselves independent with no party affiliation, while voterRead MoreDemocracy, the Electoral College and Other Methods of Election681 Words   |  3 PagesIn a United States Government and Politics class, students learn about historical moments and the American political structure. America is seen globally as the land of the free. In fact, many people around the world believe that the United States, with its political and justice s ystems, is the strongest democracy in the world. However, the United States of America possesses many defects in its political system. Many Americans also believe that the United States of America is the most solid democracyRead MoreThe United States Vs. The Federal Election Commission1004 Words   |  5 PagesOne of the most controversial court cases that has pitted the main political forces against each other this past decade has been the controversial Citizens United vs. the Federal Election Commission. The background of the case, as taken from the website of the FEC states the following: â€Å"The Federal Election Campaign Act (the Act) prohibits corporations and labor unions from using their general treasury funds to make electioneering communications or for speech that expressly advocates the electionRead MoreExamining Low Young Voter Turnout1193 Words   |  5 Pagescountry. Unfortunately, historically young voters are underrepresented due to their low voting turnout. This came as a shock to me being a young voter myself. Growing up in California I was excited about getting the chance to vote, to have a voice as it were. However, this is clearly not the case for all potential young voters. The Problem Young voter turnout has historically been disproportionately lower than all other voting groups. In California alone, as indicated in the California Civic EngagementRead MoreSociological Analysis of the Presidential Election of 2012 from a Structural Functionalist Perspective and a Conflict Perspective.1183 Words   |  5 PagesElection of 2012 from a Structural Functionalist Perspective and a Conflict Perspective. As the presidential election draws closer, we could vividly view our society from social conflict and structural functionalist perspectives. The democratic process helps us to ask why do we accept and embrace democracy, how does it influence our social patterns and functions; and how does democracy really work for the stability of our society. In this essay, I will analyze the presidential election of 2012 using

Pope Urban Ii and the First Crusade Free Essays

Pope Urban II’s decision to launch the First Crusades altered Medieval Europe politically, socially, and economically. The Pope stressed the religious and economic importance of the Eastern churches and Jerusalem that had both been taken over by Muslim Turks. Previously Vikings and Muslims had been attempting to invade most Western European countries and were troubling them but were soon defeated. We will write a custom essay sample on Pope Urban Ii and the First Crusade or any similar topic only for you Order Now All across Europe countries were economically recovering and looking for ways to expand. With the growth of people entering the Catholic Church many people were looking for ways to honor God. Then Pope Urban II announced a Crusade and many countries were eager to assist in his religious mission into the East. Pope Urban II’s motive to launch The First Crusade in 1096 A. D. was to recover the many Eastern churches that had been conquered by the Muslim Turks and with the land they reclaimed they would create a Christian State in Jerusalem for Christians to control. The soldiers were extremely passionate about the battle; they created the symbol of a cross with any red material they could find and sewed it onto their armor. The red cross became the unofficial symbol for the crusades and was worn by nearly every soldier in the army. The war was called the Crusade, because the word crusade is derived from the Latin word crux which means cross. Until 1065 Christians were granted safe travel to Jerusalem which was controlled by the Saracens but the Muslim Turks defeated them and took control of The Holy Land. The Holy Land, which is called Jerusalem was where Jesus was crucified, buried, and rose from the grave and is the most sacred of places for all Christians. The Saracens were another group of Muslims but were rivals with the Turks. When the Turks took control of Jerusalem they massacred 3,000 Christians that were in the city at the time and tortured all the other Christians that were left. This alarmed the Pope and he realized that the Christians needed to control the Holy Land for themselves. At the beginning of Pope Urban II’s campaign into the East he declared the importance of creating a Christian State in the Holy Land. Not allowing Christians to enter the Jerusalem startled the Pope and the battle for its recovery was important to everybody within the church. The Crusaders were facing an uphill battle in taking on the Turks. The Turks would be fighting on their own land and knew the geography of the land as opposed to the Crusaders who were traveling into unknown territory. Pope Urban II was widely encouraged to lead the Crusades himself but decided he was not fit to lead an army into battle. Seeing no one capable of controlling so much power and men, knights just followed their local overlords into battle. The Pope appointed a Bishop named Adhemar to keep the overlords working together in their conquest into the East. Many people believed that because of the lack of unified leadership there would be problems with authority that would lead to ultimate failure but Adhemar did his job of keeping peace between the overlords. Another reason many believed The Crusaders would fail is that Europe’s economy was just recovering from years of battles compared to the wealthy and stable trading economy of Turks. Like all wars, it would cost Europe a lot of money. They would need to be able to feed their soldiers, supply them with armor and weapons, and pay them when they return. With Europe’s economy growing it was narrowly able to sustain a war but compared to the Turks they were at a significant disadvantage. Because of their central location in the ancient world the Turks were very successful in trading between Asia and Eastern Europe. The Turks were overconfident of their dominance in battle. They had recently expanded their territory and maintained a strong military and were used to the varied conditions of Eastern Europe. The Crusaders had to march across mountains and plains under the harsh sun. The Turks were surprised with the ferocity and dedication of the Crusaders. Because of this they were defeated to the surprise of people around Europe. Many believed that God had won the battle for them in the face of adversity. At the beginning of the war many countries across Europe revised their taxing system to make sure they did not fall short during the war. All countries raised their taxes to accommodate the cost of war and that made the people in Europe worry if they would survive it throughout the war. When countries interact with each other, the trading of goods usually takes place. The Byzantine Empire consistently exchanged currency with the soldiers of the many European countries fighting in the war. Disagreements about the ratio of trading currencies arose many times during the First Crusade. The French believed they were unfairly being treated for the amount that their currency was being traded for. This began the first legislation between the two countries declaring the value of French currency. Jerusalem was very successful in the early years of its independence. They maintained close economic and political ties to all the European countries that liberated them and provided them with an outlet into the rest of the ancient world. It was a very popular destination for religious tourism after thirty four years of not allowing anyone into the Holy Land. Many countries benefited from the creation of the Christian State that had very close political and economic ties to Europe. Jerusalem and the Byzantine Empire became very popular trading centers between many European countries and the unknown goods of the East. Foreign spices, paper, and alternate currencies began arriving in Europe for the masses because of the strategic location along Eastern trade routes. Luxurious textiles became common for many Europeans with imports from the far reaches of Asia. This created a new market for foreign goods from all over the world that had never been seen in Europe before. Jerusalem became the link between the East and Europe bringing in a new era of goods from foreign lands. It also became the religious center for the world and was very successful. In 1099 the Pope passed away shortly before the Crusaders returned to France to celebrate their victory. His death was followed by a very successful time in Europe when the economy was flourishing around the world. Jerusalem became the longest standing Crusader State until it fell in 1291 when the Muslim Turks recovered and reclaimed the land they believed was theirs. How to cite Pope Urban Ii and the First Crusade, Papers

Essential Oil & Its Impact on Enhancing Our Mood-Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about the Essential oil and its impact on enhancing our mood. Answer: Beginning Essential oils utilized as a part of aromatherapy, are usually extracted from different parts of plants and are refined after that (Filly et al., 2014). The profoundly concentrated oils might be breathed in directly or in a roundabout way or applied on the skin through creams, massage or shower salts (Baser Buchbauer, 2015). Some essential oil makers produce oils, which we can consume internally. Middle The fact must be noted that a small drop of lavender essential oil rubbed between two palms is likely to bring about a serene sensation in us (Nelson et al., 2016). However, tackling the genuine energy of essential oils is both a workmanship and a science. Mixing these exceptional oils can take their individual properties to a different level, connecting together to perform helpful marvels. For instance, a whiff of bergamot oil can obliterate nervousness, ylang ylang can battle hypertension, and citronella is likely to do away with sweat. On the off chance that we live under incessant pressure, rehearsing mind or body [for example: meditation] with the fragrance of aroma therapeutic essential oils, is likely to diminish our stress and alleviate our psyche. We must begin with little amounts and perceive how we like them. It must be ensured that we are utilizing products of astounding brands like Aura Cacia and NOW. A standout amongst popularly known essential oils, lavender oil is esteemed for its calming consequences on the body and psyche and capacity to reduce nervousness. An investigation published in the Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, provided an example in which members were presented to a stressor before finishing a memory assignment (Raut Karuppayil, 2014). The individuals who had breathed in a lavender fragrance before being stressed, performed in a superior manner than those individuals who had breathed in a substitute treatment aroma. In an examination published in International Journal of Nursing Practice, aroma healing utilizing a lavender oil squirt on attire was observed to be effective in diminishing business related worry for three to four days (Worwood, 2016). Lavender oil can also be found in an assortment of aromatherapy items, including shower salts and back rub oil. Another approach to experience the relieving fragrance of lavender is savouring lavende r-essence herbal tea. Various blends of essential oils have also proved themselves effective, while addressing particular mind-sets or infirmities (Raut Karuppayil, 2014). A mixture of bergamot, tangerine, lemon, rose, palmarosa, jasmine, Roman chamomile, geranium and ylang ylang oils [one drop each] are known to make us feel warm and elated (Worwood, 2016). Another popular blend, renowned for bringing about moments of peace and serenity, is that of ylang ylang, patchouli and essential orange oil (Ali et al., 2015). Among a few elevators of mood, the blend of lavender, jasmine, fennel, yarrow, marjoram and clary sage oils works best while altering the feelings of a woman (Worwood, 2016). Ending Thus, from the above discourses it might be concluded that aromatherapy is thought to work by stimulating olfactory receptors in the nose, which at that point send messages through the sensory system to the piece of the mind that controls feelings. Numerous essential oils have been proved safe to use, when utilized as coordinated. References Ali, B., Al-Wabel, N. A., Shams, S., Ahamad, A., Khan, S. A., Anwar, F. (2015). Essential oils used in aromatherapy: A systemic review.Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine,5(8), 601-611. Baser, K. H. C., Buchbauer, G. (Eds.). (2015).Handbook of essential oils: science, technology, and applications. CRC Press. Effects of essential oil. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.medindia.net/images/common/patientinfo/950_400/effects-of-essential-oil.jpg Filly, A., Fernandez, X., Minuti, M., Visinoni, F., Cravotto, G., Chemat, F. (2014). Solvent-free microwave extraction of essential oil from aromatic herbs: from laboratory to pilot and industrial scale.Food chemistry,150, 193-198. Nelson, H. R., Burkhart, R. A., Morin, D., Weissenfluh, N. G., Korn, M. R. (2016). Investigation of Parasympathetic Effects of Lavender Essential Oil in Humans.Montview Liberty University Journal of Undergraduate Research,2(1), 3. Raut, J. S., Karuppayil, S. M. (2014). A status review on the medicinal properties of essential oils.Industrial Crops and Products,62, 250-264. Worwood, V. A. (2016).The Complete Book of Essential Oils and Aromatherapy, Revised and Expanded: Over 800 Natural, Nontoxic, and Fragrant Recipes to Create Health, Beauty, and Safe Home and Work Environments. New world library.